Android – What is it
What is it
Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. It is was devloped by Google to compete in the Mobile market along site Apple and Windows Mobile
As with many software applications for Mobile devices, Android provides a Software Development Kit (SDK) which provides the tools and APIs to develop applications to run on the Android platform.
The development language of choice for Android development is Java
Some Main Features
- Application framework enabling reuse and replacement of components
- Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices
- Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine
- Optimized graphics powered by a custom 2D graphics library; 3D graphics based on the OpenGL ES 1.0 specification (hardware acceleration optional)
- SQLite for structured data storage
- Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats (MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF)
- GSM Telephony (hardware dependent)
- Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi (hardware dependent)
- Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer (hardware dependent)
- Rich development environment including a device emulator, tools for debugging, memory and performance profiling, and a plugin for the Eclipse IDE
Andoird Architecture
Below is a diagram showing some of the main components that make up the Android operating system

Application Framework
Developers have full access to the same framework APIs used by the core applications which give Android I have found a unique openness in software development. The application architecture is designed to simplify the reuse of components; any application can publish its capabilities and any other application may then make use of those capabilities. This same mechanism allows components to be replaced by the user.
Underlying all applications is a set of services and systems, including:
- A rich and extensible set of Views that can be used to build an application, including lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, and even an embeddable web browser
- Content Providers that enable applications to access data from other applications (such as Contacts), or to share their own data
- A Resource Manager, providing access to non-code resources such as localized strings, graphics, and layout files
- A Notification Manager that enables all applications to display custom alerts in the status bar
- An Activity Manager that manages the lifecycle of applications and provides a common navigation backstack
For more details and a walkthrough of an application, see the Android Notepad Tutorial.
Some Helpful Links
- Most of the information on this page came from the Android Development site…a rich set of tools to set you on your way I strongly advise visiting it - Click Here
- A great forum with some helpful tips and downloads can be found here, it also links very well to other sites – Click here
- One more is a blog by someone called Jeffrey Sharkey (rumour has it now works for Google), he developed one of the top applications on the Android platform, and has some interesting tutorials and tips -Click Here

